Honduras And Its Impact On American Culture - 1582 Words

Some people hear the country Honduras and immediately picture the incredible diving offered, others feel pity and fear as they imagine the incredibly high rates of violent crimes. While both perspectives are true, Honduras has a plethora of fascinating traits. Located in Central America, Honduras’ major language spoken is Spanish, and the capital is Tegucigalpa. It also holds many historical stories leading up to what it is today, incredible geography, culture, economics, and fascinating relationships with other countries. To admire the country for what it is today, understanding how it came to be is essential. Honduras was inhabited by indigenous tribes that were each incredibly diverse in their culture and literature. â€Å"The most powerful and advanced of these were the Mayans, who also populated Yucatà ¡n, Belize, and the northeast of Guatemala and built their sacred city and ceremonial metropolis in Copà ¡n, in the western part of Honduras.† (Klaus Kà ¤stle) Then, on July 30, 1502, Christopher Columbus explored the country in search for gold and silver, which led to Honduras living under Spanish control. This continued until 1821, when Honduras declared independence from Spain, and became a federation of Central American states. As a democratic republic, Juan Francisco de Molina took position as the first president. Since leaving office in 1839, many presidents have taken his place. One quite memorable ruler was Manuel Zelaya Rosales, who, after propsing to makingShow MoreRelatedWorking Hard Drinking Hard Is An Ethnography Written By Adrienne Pine1585 Words   |  7 Pagesfocused her research work based out of Honduras and it took place from 1997-2003. Honduras is a country located in Central America neighbouring to Nicaragua and Guatemala. Throughout field notes, audio, and video clips along with participant observation Adrienne Pine was able to capture the way of life for certain Hondurans who were able to tell her their stories. Poverty has been a key association of many issues for the Honduran people and has had a tremendous impact on: work and employment, alcoholRead MoreBanana Cultures By John Soluri1647 Words   |  7 PagesWe eat bananas almost every day; however, most of us do not really know where these fruits come from. 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AccordingRead MoreBanana Cultures By John Soluri1135 Words   |  5 PagesWe eat bananas almost every day; however, most of us do not really know where these fruits come from. In Banana Cultures, John Soluri focuses on the relationship betwee n banana production in Honduras, especially in the North Coast between roughly 1870 and 1975, and banana consumption in the U. S.. He focuses on growing, protecting, transporting, and mass marketing of bananas. John Soluri integrates Agroecology, anthropology, political economy, and history in order to trace the symbolic growth ofRead MoreThe Poverty And Disaster Risks877 Words   |  4 Pagespopulations, help to develop and put back those vulnerable pieces back into well-developed societies, help that would allow Honduras to prosper from. With as much focus on the humanitarian support, World Vision offers, their core values are still deep-rooted into the Christian faith, which could not be ignored. 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Neanderthals/Modern Human Interbreeding Free Essays

In the advent of modern technology, it was found out that the now-extinct species of the Neanderthals do share a common ancestry with the modern human beings. This was through the analysis of the Neanderthal bone DNA from discovered Neanderthal fossil specimens. These Neanderthals were proven to be similar in the genetic makeup as compared to the modern human beings. We will write a custom essay sample on Neanderthals/Modern Human Interbreeding or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is despite the fact that Neanderthals and the modern human lineage have separated ways for some 370,000 years (Mozes; Gianaro). But then, the query lies whether or not the Neanderthals and the early human beings have interbred, which could have led to what the humans are now in the present. The Neanderthals, discovered way back in the 1850’s, are seen to be greatly related to the early human beings. This is because they were able to practice certain behaviors that are seen to be similar with that of the human beings, like burying their dead, skinning animals, building fires and being able to utilize tools made out of wood and stone. The difference they exhibit lie on their physical structure, wherein these Neanderthals are stockier than human beings, have comparably larger noses, muscle definitions, brows, and relatively larger brains. In relation to the coexistence of the Neanderthals and the early human beings, there are fossil evidences that these Neanderthals have existed in around 230,000 years ago in the European and western Asian regions. Dating back around 40,000 years ago, the early human beings, Homo sapiens, started moving northward, their migration patterns away from Africa, towards the European and Asian lands. And in a span of 10,000 years, the existence of Neanderthals have started to cease, vanishing from the old places they were situated, then had been isolated into smaller populations. After a few thousand years, they have totally disappeared from the face of the earth. The Neanderthal man was considered as the subspecies of the Homo sapiens, the species where the human beings are classified with. They got their name from the place where the remnants of the first Neanderthal were discovered, in Neanderthal, Germany. It was a valley where the fossils of the Neanderthal were unearthed. It was either classified as Homo sapiens neandertalensis or Homo neandertalensis depending on how scientists view them. Some scientists classify the Neanderthal as its own species, apart from Homo sapiens because of the large number of differences in the anatomy between Neanderthals and human beings (Gianaro). The anatomical structure of the Neanderthal has somewhat explained that they were the primary hominids to have survived and thrived in the harsh conditions of an extremely cold environment. They existed at the time of the glaciations in Europe, wherein they were forced to live and survive in the icy areas of the continent. Their bodies were built for adapting in these cold conditions, like their squat, stocky build which is efficient for maintaining the body temperature under the extremes of the cold environment. They have also developed large powerful muscles in their bodies which have proven to be useful in hunting animals in the cold. This is because there was no abundance of plants that could bear fruits that they can eat, leaving them with meat as their only choice. There bodies showed a lot of difference from that of the Homo sapiens. The H. sapiens contemporary of these Neanderthals which are from Africa and Asia have a relatively smaller skull and brow ridge thickness. With their differences laid, it is clear to see that humans and Neanderthals have a clear distinction, which may or may not have lead in what was speculated by other researchers as the result of interbreeding of the species. Some of these scientists say that even though they were different, they have interbred, which leads us to what the human beings are today. The present human beings have probably been the products or the cross between Neanderthals and the early Homo sapiens. Some say that these answer why the Neanderthals have disappeared, because they have blended in with the early human ancestors (Hsu). One of the studies that lead to the opening of doors for the idea of the Neanderthal interbreeding with early humans was when Neanderthal bones have been analyzed and underwent DNA sequencing. This study was done under the U.S. Department of Energy’s Berkeley National Laboratory and the Joint Genome Institute has yielded astonishing results regarding the similarities of the human and Neanderthal genes. The study arrived at a 99.5% similarity or identity between the two. But this doesn’t necessarily mean that there are evidences of crossbreeding between early human beings and the Neanderthals. The study has opened the door to the understanding that the early Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis shared a common ancestor around 700,000 years back time (Yarris and Rubin). This group of researchers, led by Edward Rubin, the director of the Joint Genome Institute and the Genomics Division of the Berkeley Lab, has achieved to establish the development of the Neanderthal metagenomic library, which was used for analyzing and characterizing more than 65,000 DNA groups which is rooted to Neanderthal ancestry. This is gives a new look at studying the Neanderthals, not only providing new information to the science world, but of further understanding these early hominids. This is essential in finding more about the roots of man, shedding new light to human origin. Erik Trinkaus, a resident anthropologist of the Washington University in St. Louis has published a set of new data analysis regarding the early modern human fossils. This was done along with his Romanian colleagues in the online edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, wherein they have speculated a proof of the transition between Neanderthals and humans. The 30,000 year old bones that were unearthed in Pestera Muierii, a Romanian cave, was said to have resemblances in both Neanderthals and humans (Billings). What these similarities suggest was the possibility that early human beings and Neanderthals may have mated with each other and have successfully produced an offspring. According to Trinkaus, these Muierii fossils were the remnants of the early modern human beings plus some three or four characteristics which resembles that of the Neanderthals. This includes the bulge which is located at the back of the cranium. He said that these could either be a sign of re-evolving from the African ancestors or has acquired them as descendants of those who mated with the Neanderthals. This finding by Trinkaus has been disputed by two other top anthropologists, which are Jeff Scwartz from University of Pittsburgh and Ian Tattersall of the American Museum of Natural History (Billings). According to these anthropologists, the diiference that Trinkaus see as the product of the crossbreeding of the Neanderthals and early modern human beings, were actually the result of normal variation of species. Variations like being chunky or slender, tall or short are most probably the results of species variation rather than interbreeding. These are the things that make them distinct from other species, since no two species are exactly similar with each other. The bulge on the head that Trinkaus claims were actually is the wedge-shaped snouts of the Neanderthal fossils and a depression in the back of their heads, instead of a bulge. These differences in their findings were actually the result of their different attacks on the topic. Trinkaus point of view was more on the aspect of the physical differences that species has undergone. He attributed the size and built of the unearthed specimen as a character of the Neanderthals, while having features the same of that of the early modern human beings. He didn’t consider the possibility of a species variation, like when there are tall and short human beings. Schwartz and Tatersall considered the aspect of this species variation, and have dismissed the findings of Trinkaus. But they have agreed with the similarity which was brought about by the genetic makeup of the Neanderthals and the human beings. Furthermore, their idea dismisses the possibility of interbreeding happening on early modern human beings and the Neanderthals. Though they have almost the same genetic makeup, it doesn’t mean that they are able to interbreed with each other, though they are different species. What the genetic similarity would establish is that they are both coming from the same lineage, the same ancestry, that have branched out hundred of thousand years ago. In the advent of technology, researchers are able to find that Neanderthals are similar to that of the early modern human beings. Because of these they were able to establish that we came from the same ancestry as that of the Neanderthals. There were researches that points out that the present day human beings might have been the result of the interbreeding between the early modern humans and the Neanderthals, but there are also researches that dismisses this findings. We share the same lineage as that of the early hominid Homo neanderthalensis but it doesn’t necessarily mean that we are the result of them interbreeding with early modern human beings. The idea is nonetheless probable, but is close to being implausible. References: Billings, Lee. â€Å"Genetic and Fossil Evidence Comes Together to Reveal a Hidden Chapter of Human History.†Ã‚   2006. Neanderthals in Our Midst.   Seed Magazine. May 7 2007. http://seedmagazine.com/news/2006/11/post_4.php. Gianaro, Catherine. â€Å"Humans, Neanderthals Share Common Ancestry, yet Have Nothing in Common after Evolutionary Split of Two Species†.   2006.   University of Chicago Chronicle. May 7 2007. http://chronicle.uchicago.edu/061207/neanderthals.shtml. Hsu, Steve. â€Å"Neanderthal-Human Interbreeding â€Å".   2006.   Information Processing. May 7 2007. http://infoproc.blogspot.com/2006/11/neanderthal-human-interbreeding.html. Mozes, Alan. â€Å"Neanderthal DNA Shows No Interbreeding with Humans, the Two Groups Do Share 99.5 Percent of Their Genes, However†.   2006.   Health On the Net Foundation. May 7 2007. http://www.hon.ch/News/HSN/536110.html. Yarris, Lynn, and Edward Rubin. â€Å"Neanderthal Genome Sequencing Yields Surprising Results and Opens a New Door to Future Studies†.   2006.   Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. May 7 2007. http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/Genomics-Neanderthal.html.       How to cite Neanderthals/Modern Human Interbreeding, Essay examples

Business Presentation Plan HR Guide

Question: Describe about the Business Presentation Plan of HR Guide. Answer: Introduction. A business presentation structure depends on the subject for presentation, organizational size, and message to be relayed. In this case, I would start with the introduction. In the introduction, the focus would be on: what the company does, the products and services the company offers, the size of the company and the cause of the meeting. The introduction is supposed to be clear, and should be stated succinctly (Khan, 2012. P. 1). Emphasis should quickly on what has prompted the meeting, and how the company has always anticipated expansion. However, this introduction should take the shortest time possible, approximately a minute. The Need/ opportunity/problem On this step, the presentation shall focus on the brief history of the organization. The history shall mention the roles the company has played in its market niche. After that, it should specify why companies today are seeking expansion in the competitive business environment, perhaps through product diversification. Further, the contents of the contract signed, and the advantages of the big client coming to the company to make it competitive should be mentioned. Ideally, this purpose should discuss the purpose of the presentation (Du, 2008. P.23). In this scenario, it would be important to know the audience and build empathy among them. Remember, the two 200 employees for the company would still be crucial to this company even after extending the product line. Therefore, the level of communication should be formal and persuasive so that the employees can understand the importance of the new big client to the growth of the company (Duarte, 2012. P. 21). Perhaps, the big client should be viewed as a solution or opportunity to the firm. Moreover, the approach would help the audience have a broader perspective on the contract and extension of the companys product line. As a result, the employees would be in anticipation of being part and parcel of a growing firm. Also, using a persuasive language when addressing the audience would quickly convince the audience into buying the idea of extending the companys product line. The Solution In the solution section, the presentation shall take its focus on how the range of tablet cases will aid the company to realize its mission and vision. A visual aid would be substantial in this case. For a visual aid to succeed, then the firm should employ a power point presentation. Visual aids would address the following: easy read and understanding of the tablet cases, tying the point the presenter is trying to communicate, and helping the audience to see everything (Sengupta, 2011. P.45). For graphics to be presented, whiteboards can be installed on the boardroom where the presentation is taking place. In this case, superior graphics of the tablet cases should be well-labelled, and followed with the explanation. This would help the audience comprehend the concept of the new tablet cases easily. Besides, the benefits of the value proposition of the customer should also be addressed in this case. Yes, in the need/opportunity/problem section, the problem the tablet cases would solve must have been mentioned. Therefore, this section should try to address the problems outlined in the above, by stating the cost saving, reliability, convenience, and value addition the new product line shall bring into the firms existing market. Most importantly, when an organization introduces new products, they must seek to solve the problems it has been facing. A small-sized firm like this one, may be was not given much attention by its clients due to its low output. You know, there is no way a small-medium sized firm like this would offer the market a large output with the small resources it has. In this situation, the firm risks rendered non-competitive by the giant businesses that are enjoying economies of scale. As a result, the new product should seek to address how it is going to increase the competitiveness of the firm (Nabben, 2014. P.21). This section should also address the barriers to entry that a new product is going to create. For example, there is a need to acquire patent, or a license for the new product line. Businesses run in a regulated legal environment, and there is no way a firm can start the production of such a new product without the authorization of the government or relevant authority. Also, the manufacturing process of the new product should also be explained. In essence, visual aid would help the employees have the understanding of what the new product would look like, and visualize it before the firm starts producing it. Company Progress/ status This section aims at building the confidence of the investors. In this case, there is need to establish a good relationship with the big client, and their entire human resource. The presentation would concentrate on the expertise of management and staff. The management teams role in the new product line should be discussed thoroughly, and their competencies should be related to the quality products the firm is supplying to the market. You know, the decision making of the company lies in the hands of the management team, and if the firm has competent management the big client of the firm received would have confidence in the agreement signed and how their working relationship would be a win-win situation. The customer relations should also be an issue of concern. A firm that fosters good customer relations is likely to benefit from it. Therefore, the presentation would explain how the firm is committed to serving all clients, at least to meet their satisfaction. Further, the strategic partnership established with the big client should explain in a such a way the employees feel that the partnership is for their interest as well. Consequently, the employees would feel that they are the ones that most matter to the organization. However, the product development status should also be presented to prove to the audience and other potential investors that indeed the company has the capacity produce a high-quality brand for its clients as it seeks to grow further (Schaefer Brashear, 1992. P.2). All in all, the speaker should know that building a good working relationship with the investors or clients would attract, more investment to them, and increase the firms market share. The Market On this step, the presentation should focus on how the market for the firm is. It would describe the size of the market, trends, and maturity. The presenter, in this case, must have detailed data that represent the current market for the products of the company. The analysis of the trends would help employees know how the firm is performing in the market. If the performance of the market is steady, it suggests that the firm still has the possibility of making more fortunes from its market. The market maturity for the firm, also confirms has it has gained a competitive advantage in the market (Schaefer Brashear, 1992. P.2). Further, the market trends shall discuss how customers are changing their taste and preference for the laptops whose cases the firm produces. Also, the market trend shall focus on the types of laptop cases the customers are developing their interests in. You know, when buying a laptop one does not just consider the software features, one has to find its hardware f eatures as well, and if the cases are poorly designed potential clients would consider not purchasing them. Most fundamentally, the tablet cases should be able to meet the market trends, have room for innovation and improve the employees welfare. The firm should also discuss its market challenges and how it seeks to solve these problems, for instance by becoming more innovative so that laptop manufacturing companies can see the firm as having the ability to offer them the better premium laptop and tablet cases. You know, in this section, the presentation should show that the company can meet all the needs of tablet and laptop manufacturing companies. Therefore, using visual aids, where a power point presentation and a projector would be used shall make the presentation easier (American Society For Training Development, 2008. P. 45). Employing this simple technology in the presentation is easy to use. It cannot breakdown, and in the case of any fault, it can easily be corrected. Preparations for the Product Line Launch This section would focus on the arrangements the firm is putting in place to make the launch a celebratory and impactful. The employees should be fully engaged in this process because they are the people who are going to make the contract with the big client and the new product line of the range of tablet cases succeed. Further, the employees should be informed that the firm is fully committed to taking care of their welfare, and ensure that their rights are fully observed, and thus they should support the launch and implementation of the new product line (Dew,1997. P.3). Summary This would be an imperative aspect of my presentation. It is a stage that would allow me to summarize all that I have been presenting, right from the introduction to the preparations of the launch of the new product line. Therefore, I would briefly revisit the purpose of the presentation, and how the firm the most important points to standing out in designing and manufacturing laptop and tablet cases. Also, the summary would address: the impact of the new product line, the competitive advantage of the firm, intellectual property of the firms products, marketing approach, customers, employees roles on making the new product line strength to the firm, and finally the firms mission. Making the presentation successful With the above structure, it is important to consider some significant details which are likely to make the presentation succeed. First and foremost, building the story is paramount, and that shall start from the introduction (Khan, 2012. P. 1). Making the presentation would give the employees the context of the presentation. This would mean that in every step, I should ensure that my audience understands its relevance. Also, when the audience gets the context of the presentation, they are likely to ask questions where necessary. You know, this is a presentation that seeks the input of the employees. Therefore, they should be allowed to ask questions, rather than imposing things on them. Simplification of graphics- the presentation will employ graphics to help the employees understand some trends, but it should be noted that not all employees can understand the complex market trends and other graphics (Gallo, 2005. P. 28). Therefore, taking an initiative of simplifying the graphics would enable employees to understand my presentation. Hence. Logical sequence- This is a convincing and informing presentation. Hence the presentation should follow a logical sequence that would allow the audience capture every step of the presentation (Khan, 2012. P. 1). This presentation is not a matter of comedy, it should be handled professionally, and every point should be argued out logically so that the employees, can grasp the message being delivered, and encode the same way the presenter is doing. Further, when informing an audience, there is the need to engage them and hook their attention to the presentation. This would again demand that the presenter reasons logically, and not just read directly from the slides which have been projected on a whiteboard. Further, the duration per each section of the presentation should take a short time. The more the speakers concentrates on one aspect, the more employees get bored and stop reasoning. Choosing a proper channel- In a context like this one, as the manager face-to-face delivery is more convincing, engaging and informing (Gallo, 2005. P. 24). Having employees meet at the boardroom where the management team of the firm usually meet, would make employees feel valued and recognized by the firm. Also, presentation like this one would enable the speaker to maintain eye contact with the audience as they exchange ideas about this new product line. When employees engage in a conversational level with me- the manager, they would feel the need to make this project a success. All in all, the business presentation plan has an introduction, body, and conclusion (Silk, 1995. P. 3). The body would discuss the main points of the presentation. The content must be right and delivered in the most logical sequence. The speakers should, therefore, make sure that he understands the substance of the presentation properly to avoid reading directly from the slides what the audience can see and read on their own. The level of communication should be formal, but the language used should not be too technical because it can bore the audience and finally they would not understand the message being delivered (Schaefer Brashear, 1992. P.32). However, there is no standard structure for a business presentation plan, since managers adopt presentation structures that would enable them to deliver conveniently, easily, and effectively. Therefore, I believe that the above outlined structure would allow to me deliver the message of my presentation most efficiently, hence employees w ill support the launch and implementation of the new product line. References Duarte, N. (2012). HBR guide to persuasive presentations. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/865508457 Schaefer, J. H., Brashear, M. A. (2005). Impact: how to make successful business presentations. New York, Berkley Books. https://www.google.com/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=bookscd=1cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwjpgZakwOHOAhUDIsAKHSVeCBYQFgg0MAAurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kent.ac.uk%2Fcareers%2Fpresentationskills.htmusg=AFQjCNGe7o-gLgxfXRvl8dfP-rsm8NSnWQsig2=kouxmsJdb8UCeVTEM5nkYQ Sengupta, S. (2011). Business and managerial communication. New Delhi, PHI Learning Private Limited. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/827975462 Khan-Panni, P. (2012). The Financial Times essential guide to making business presentations: how to deliver a winning message. Harlow, England, Pearson. https://www.google.co.ke/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=bookscd=1cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwjd4IyowuHOAhXmLcAKHUfcDtcQFggcMAAurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FEssential-Guide-Making-Business-Presentations%2Fdp%2F0273757997usg=AFQjCNFL6y4KXuFIhgT8gHx-Y4i_EvUoZQsig2=A7khi6t4HrVWxc316CK_Gw Lillico, T. M. (2016). Managerial Communication. Elsevier Science. Guffey, M. E., Rogin, P., Rhodes, K. (2009). Business communication: process and product. Toronto, Nelson Education. American Society For Training And Development. (2008). 10 steps to successful presentations. Alexandria, Va, ASTD Press. Abela, A. V. (2013). Advanced presentations by design: creating communication that drives action. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/827724538 Du Toit, P. (2008). Even you can present with confidence: how to speak like a pro, dazzle your audience and get the result you want every time. Sandton, South Africa, Congruence Pub. Nabben, J. (2014). Presenting with confidence: structure and deliver compelling presentations in the workplace. Harlow, U.K., Pearson. Monippally, M. M. (2001). Business communication strategies. New Delhi, Tata McGraw-Hill Pub. Solomon, R. J. (2008). The physician manager's handbook: essential business skills for succeeding in health care. Sudbury, Mass, Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Dew, J. R. (2005). Empowerment and democracy in the workplace: applying adult education theory and practice for cultivating empowerment. Westport, Conn, Quorum Books. Gallo, C. (2005). 10 simple secrets of the world's greatest business communicators. Naperville, Ill, Sourcebooks. Guffey, M. E., Almonte, R. (2010). Essentials of business communication. Hallet, J. J. (1995). New technology redefines the role and importance of business communication. San Francisco, IABC.